A process to discover gaps that exist between the current state of an individual (or organisation) and a desired one.
A needs analysis involves a study of the factors which cause the gap to find solutions and ways to overcome difficulties (often forming the basis of an individual education plan (IEP)).
Educational interventions developed based on needs assessment and analysis may target learners or teachers (e.g. to fill gaps in knowledge/teaching approaches) or other elements of the education system.