To fully address education-system factors relating to discrimination and the underachievement of vulnerable groups, policy must focus on equity and the importance of fairness in educational opportunities.

There is a need to improve the level of resources in education and focus on teaching quality to ‘de-couple’ attainment from learners’ cultural and socio-economic background, migration status and gender, among other things, and prevent school drop-out and youth unemployment. 
Policy should clearly communicate that it is possible to develop education systems that are both high quality and equitable.